See the below research on boosters:
VERY IMPORTANT (Additional immunologic advantage of the fourth dose was much smaller and had waned completely by 13 weeks after vaccination) – Six-Month Follow-up after a Fourth BNT162b2 Vaccine Dose https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMc2211283
Authors found:
Among the participants who had not had previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, 6113 were included in the analysis of humoral response and 11,176 in the analysis of vaccine effectiveness (Fig. S1 and Tables S2 and S3). Antibody response peaked at approximately 4 weeks, waned to levels seen before the fourth dose by 13 weeks, and stabilized thereafter. Throughout the 6-month follow-up period, the adjusted weekly levels of IgG and neutralizing antibodies were similar after receipt of the third and fourth doses and were markedly higher than the levels seen after receipt of the second dose (Figure 1A and 1B and Table S4).
The cumulative incidence curve is shown in Figure S2, and vaccine effectiveness is shown in Figure 1C. Receipt of the fourth BNT162b2 vaccine dose conferred more protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection than that afforded by the receipt of three vaccine doses (with receipt of the third dose having occurred at least 4 months earlier) (overall vaccine effectiveness, 41%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 35 to 47). Time-specific vaccine effectiveness (which, in our analysis, compared infection rates among participants who had not yet been infected since vaccination) waned with time, decreasing from 52% (95% CI, 45 to 58) during the first 5 weeks after vaccination to −2% (95% CI, −27 to 17) at 15 to 26 weeks.
VERY IMPORTANT (Risk of Covid-19 infection increases with each prior vaccination) – Effectiveness of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Bivalent Vaccine https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.12.17.22283625v1
“The association of increased risk of COVID-19 with higher numbers of prior vaccine doses in our study, was unexpected. A simplistic explanation might be that those who received more doses were more likely to be individuals at higher risk of COVID-19. A small proportion of individuals may have fit this description. However, the majority of subjects in this study were generally young individuals and all were eligible to have received at least 3 doses of vaccine by the study start date, and which they had every opportunity to do.”
“Therefore, those who received fewer than 3 doses (>45% of individuals in the study) were not those ineligible to receive the vaccine, but those who chose not to follow the CDC’s recommendations on remaining updated with COVID-19 vaccination, and one could reasonably expect these individuals to have been more likely to have exhibited higher risk-taking behavior.”
“Despite this, their risk of acquiring COVID-19 was lower than those who received a larger number of prior vaccine doses. This is not the only study to find a possible association with more prior vaccine doses and higher risk of COVID-19. A large study found that those who had an Omicron variant infection after previously receiving three doses of vaccine had a higher risk of reinfection than those who had an Omicron variant infection after previously receiving two doses of vaccine [21]. Another study found that receipt of two or three doses of a mRNA vaccine following prior COVID-19 was associated with a higher risk of reinfection than receipt of a single dose [7]”
VERY IMPORTANT (Booster uptake against out of date variant to 1.3%. Reasons given here) Published Sept 23 – Understanding low COVID-19 booster uptake among US adults https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37666694/
The most commonly reported reason for not having been boosted was a prior SARS-CoV-2 infection (39.5%), followed by concern about vaccine side effects (31.5%), believing that the booster would not provide additional protection over the vaccines already received (28.6%), and concern about booster safety (23.4%) or that it would not protect from SARS-CoV-2 infection (23.1%). For themes related to reasons for not having been boosted, those 60 years of age or older were less likely to select items related to knowledge (OR: 0.24; 95% CI: 0.11-0.55) or logistical concerns (OR: 0.09; 95% CI: 0.03-0.30) about the vaccine; while those reporting Hispanic ethnicity were more likely to convey concerns about logistics than those reporting non-Hispanic ethnicity (OR: 2.15; 95% CI: 1.08-4.30). Finally, compared to college graduates, those with some college or technical school were significantly more likely to select items related to the risks and benefits of the bivalent vaccine not being clear as reasons for not having been boosted (OR: 2.41; 95% CI: 1.69-3.43).
IMPORTANT (Booster ineffective against death and minimal impact on the virus) – Effectiveness of a fourth SARS-CoV-2 vaccine dose in previously infected individuals from Austria https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/eci.14136
For infections, rVE rapidly declined with time elapsed after the fourth vaccination (Table 3). Individuals with repeated previous infections had reduced re-infection risk (Table S4). Analyses on infection rates according to year of the last prior infection showed significantly waning immunity with time elapsed since last infection (Table S5).
Evidence of peak effectiveness about 3–5 weeks after receiving the fourth vaccine dose, but then decreasing effectiveness towards no remaining effect beyond 15 weeks was previously reported and fits well to our findings.5, 25 The public health significance of this transient risk reduction in SARS-CoV-2 infections lasting for several weeks after receiving the fourth vaccine dose remains unclear. Although this reduced infection risk did not translate into prevention of COVID-19 deaths according to our data, we cannot exclude other benefits related to non-fatal adverse health outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infections. While rapidly waning vaccine protection is observed for laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections, previous studies documented that vaccine effectiveness seems to be long lasting for protection against severe and lethal COVID-19.5, 17 Similarly, data from Qatar suggest that natural immunity confers a very strong protection against severe COVID-19 with no evidence of waning immunity, a conclusion that is supported by a systematic review and meta-analyses.14, 16
VERY IMPORTANT (Bivalent associated with increased adverse reactions) – Bivalent BNT162b2 mRNA original/omicron BA.4-5 booster vaccination: adverse reactions and inability to work compared with the monovalent COVID-19 booster https://www.clinicalmicrobiologyandinfection.com/article/S1198-743X(23)00030-7/fulltext
IMPORTANT (Booster extending duration of viral infection) – Duration of Shedding of Culturable Virus in SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (BA.1) Infection https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMc2202092
VERY IMPORTANT (Bivalent booster showing low Abs response) – Antibody responses to Omicron BA.4/BA.5 bivalent mRNA vaccine booster shot https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.10.22.513349v1
VERY IMPORTANT (Bivalent booster showing low Abs response – Israeli study) – Immunogenicity of the BA.5 Bivalent mRNA Vaccine Boosters https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.10.24.513619v1
VERY IMPORTANT (Bivalent showing low neutralisation) – Low neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2.75.2, BQ.1.1, and XBB.1 by 4 doses of parental mRNA vaccine or a BA.5-bivalent booster https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.10.31.514580v1
IMPORTANT – 4th Dose COVID mRNA Vaccines’ Immunogenicity & Efficacy Against Omicron VOC https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.02.15.22270948v1
IMPORTANT (Long Covid) – Long COVID after breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-022-01840-0
IMPORTANT – Neutralization of Omicron BA.4/BA.5 and BA.2.75 by Booster Vaccination or BA.2 Breakthrough Infection Sera https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.08.04.502716v1
IMPORTANT (Immune imprinting) – Immune boosting by B.1.1.529 (Omicron) depends on previous SARS-CoV-2 exposure https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abq1841
High rate of BA.1, BA.1.1 and BA.2 infection in triple vaccinated https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.04.02.22273333v1
US COVID-19 Vaccines Proven to Cause More Harm than Good Based on Pivotal Clinical Trial Data Analyzed Using the Proper Scientific Endpoint, “All Cause Severe Morbidity” https://www.scivisionpub.com/pdfs/us-covid19-vaccines-proven-to-cause-more-harm-than-good-based-on-pivotal-clinical-trial-data-analyzed-using-the-proper-scientific–1811.pdf
Impact of various vaccine boosters on neutralization against Omicron following prime vaccinations with inactivated or adenovirus-vectored vaccine https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.01.25.476850v1
A New Preprint Proves 4th doses Save Lives! Does it? https://vinayprasadmdmph.substack.com/p/a-new-preprint-proves-4th-doses-save?token=eyJ1c2VyX2lkIjo1ODU2MjY2NywicG9zdF9pZCI6NTEwOTYzNzgsIl8iOiI1MUVhNCIsImlhdCI6MTY0OTg0MDE4MCwiZXhwIjoxNjQ5ODQzNzgwLCJpc3MiOiJwdWItMjMxNzkyIiwic3ViIjoicG9zdC1yZWFjdGlvbiJ9.fhSus_JKjQLxHjAeRqIuAHOoZx2MIYz-g-GWlIpmNXo&s=r
Booster shots protect against symptomatic Omicron infection for about 10 weeks, study finds https://www.businessinsider.co.za/how-long-does-booster-protection-omicron-covid-last-study-2021-12